This common issue happens when you breathe faster than your body needs to and you get rid of too much carbon dioxide. That throws off the balance in your blood.

To understand what causes fast breathing, you have to know how breathing functions.  Breathing is a coordinated effort that involves your nose, mouth, and lungs. When you inhale, air enters through your nose and mouth, and makes its way into your lungs. It enters the balloon-like air sacs, called alveoli. From there, oxygen moves into your bloodstream to be transported to your body
Following are some possible causes for heavy breathing.
Colds and sinus problems
Allergies
Asthma
Respiratory infections
Anxiety
Obesity
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Heart failure
Lung cancer

You can try some instant techniques to help treat acute hyperventilation:

Breathe through pressed together lips. 
Breathe gradually into a paper bag or cupped hands. 
Attempt to breathe into your paunch stomach instead of your chest. 
Hold your breath for 10 to 15 at a time.

You can also try to alternate nostril relaxing. This includes covering your mouth and alternating breathing through every nostril. 

With your mouth covered, close the correct nostril and take in through the left. At that point alternate by alternate the left nostril and taking in through the right. Repeat this procedure until breathing has returned to normal.

You may also locate that vigorous exercise, such as a brisk walk or run while breathing in and out of your nose helps with hyperventilation.